How I Explored P2P Lending – My Review Part II

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This is part II of a guest post by British investor ‘GSV3Miac’. Read part I first.

Most of my concerns about P2P lending revolve around its relative immaturity. Even ZOPA, the oldest in the UK, has only been around 10 year or so, and have changed ‘just about everything’ at least twice. Funding Circle (“FC”)have 3-4 years history, but there have been no two years where the business has actually been stable (maximum loan sizes, loan terms, Institutional participation, etc. have all changed pretty much continually over the period I’ve been investing). How well the companies, and their borrowers, would survive a real recession, can only be guessed at.

What do I actually invest in? Well practically anything if the rate looks good. My ‘core holding’ is in RS, but there is nearly as much spread across the P2B platforms. For extra P2P related risk (and maybe reward) I also signed up to invest in the Assetz and Commuter Club capital raises (via SEEDRS). With EIS investments some of the money at risk is renated tax, which you had a 100% certainty of losing to the government anyway.

I do not plan to hold most of my investments (particularly in FC) for the full 5 years. After a few months the financial data is well out of date (much of it is already out of date when the loan is approved!) and unless you want to spend time checking how the company is doing, it is easier to sell the loans on and start anew.

Similarly if rates start to move dramatically, it’s time to ‘flip’ or ‘churn’ .. selling a 7% loan part when rates move to 9% is possible, but might sting a bit. Selling a 7% loan part when rates have moved to 14% is going to hurt a lot, or might be completely impossible. If rates move the other way, selling a 7% loan part when average rates are 6% is not only easy, it may be profitable (assuming the platform allows marking up). You might wind up with un-invested funds, but as someone succinctly put it on the P2P forum, ‘un-invested is a lot less painful than lost’.

The future looks equally interesting .. we are promised P2P investments within an ISA (do NOT hold your breath, this seems to be moving at a glacial pace so far), which could result in a ‘wall of money’ arriving on the scene. We are promised P2P losses to be tax deductible (against income, rather than capital gains), which has an impact on the worth of a protection fund. We will inevitably see some new entrants appear as the P2P area grows and become more attractive (Hargreaves Lansdown, a very large fund management player, has already indicated they might get involved, I believe). We will equally inevitably see some more of the current players merge or vanish, and many of the loans default.

As I may have mentioned a couple of times, nothing has been very stable so far .. most of the platforms are still ‘feeling their way’ with immature software (this is polite-speak for ‘bugs’), and business models/systems which are still evolving. The basic P2P premise of connecting people with money with people who want it, without too much activity in the middle, does not appear to scale too well when the number of each side get big (a million people bidding to fund a thousand loans each day is not something to contemplate lightly). Platforms need to grow to survive and they need to grow in balance – if they double the number of lenders, they need twice as many willing borrowers, and vice versa .. Asymmetrical growth just annoys whoever is on the surplus side, distorts the rates, and results in no growth at all – you need both a lender and a borrower to have any business. It is obvious, but very hard to manage. Continue reading →

Funding Circle Announces 150M Investment led by DST Global

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Funding Circle LogoFunding Circle, p2p lending marketplace for SME loans, announced today that it has raised 150 million US$ in equity capital, in a round led by DST Global, with participation from Baillie Gifford, a fund managed by BlackRock, Sands Capital Ventures and Temasek. Goldman Sachs acted as exclusive placement agent for the oversubscribed round. The new funding will be used to consolidate the UK and US markets and fuel further growth.

The investment comes as lending to small businesses via the marketplace surges past the 1 billion US$ mark globally, following sustained growth in both the UK and US markets. Investors at Funding Circle are on track to lend 1 billion US$ over the next year, showcasing the huge potential of marketplace lending on the global economy.

Launched in 2010, Funding Circle is sparking a revolution in the way small businesses access finance, disrupting the traditional model of banking. Through the Funding Circle marketplace in the US, qualified individual investors and institutions can invest in successful small businesses looking for growth capital. In the UK, the Funding Circle marketplace is currently the fifth largest net lender to small businesses*, while in the US, lending in the first quarter of this year was seven times larger than lending in the first quarter of 2014.

Samir Desai, CEO and co-founder of Funding Circle said: “We believe Funding Circle is the future of small business finance globally, and it’s a vision we share with some of the largest and most respected investors in the world. Today’s news is the next step on our journey to creating a sustainable, category-defining business in a multi-billion dollar global market, where businesses will come to the marketplace to borrow from all types of investors. This investment, alongside prudent risk management, will ensure Funding Circle’s long term future.”

Sam Hodges, US Managing Director and co-founder said: “Today’s capital injection will allow us to accelerate efforts in the United States and help us better serve the 28 million Main Street small businesses many banks have left behind. This year, we’ll continue to invest heavily in technology and talent as we build a transparent, sustainable and diverse marketplace that helps American small businesses get access to the $40 billion per month they need to expand and grow.” Continue reading →

How I Explored P2P Lending – My Review Part I

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This is part I of a guest post by British investor ‘GSV3Miac’.

About the author.. I spent 25 or so years in software engineering, programming everything from IBM mainframes to microchips in early Hotpoint washing machines. I must have been halfway competent (or not) since I wound up managing a software development group, a large IBM computer centre, workstations of networks and PCs. When my (American owned) factory shut down I spent the last year (in between managing the closure) retraining as an IFA. I qualified, but I never actually practised – I took my redundancy / pension and headed for the hills (of Shropshire). That was a while ago, so don’t expect me to know chapter and verse on the latest tax wrinkles! *grin*

How did I get into P2P (misnamed .. it’s largely P2B these days .. much of is headed for B2B!) lending? Blame my mother .. she died, and left me a sum of money which was not expected, and not really critical to my future. Having no children (there being, IMO, no people shortage on the planet) it is probably all headed for charities one day, so I thought I might as well have some fun with it. Before I did that, I had, of course, gone through the approved checklist .. i.e.

‘Emergency’ easy access cash account(s) .. tick.

Pay off the mortgage .. tick.

ISA(s) .. tick

Pension Provisions .. tick

Stock market investments / bonds / shares / funds ..tick

OK, anything left can be risked a bit. (I accept that stocks and shares and even cash has =some= risk attached, but now we are looking at ‘high wire with no net’ type options .. VCTs, EIS schemes, and yep .. P2P lending). If you want to plan for ultimate disaster (Ebola pandemic, nuclear war and global financial meltdown) then probably investing in long dated canned food, and an underground shelter on an island upwind from everywhere, is your best bet. More modest (and likely) risks can be mitigated by spreading your investments around a lot, and by being conservative in your assumptions of what you might get back.

I started my P2P journey (in 2013) with Funding Circle (henceforth ‘FC’) and ZOPA, both of which I had heard about from a friend, and I dipped my toes in rather gingerly at first. ZOPA had been going for some time, and I probably missed their best years (when you could decide who to lend to, and later when you could at least still decide at what rate you’d lend). ZOPA had just introduced their ‘safeguarded’ lending, and started fixing the rates, so even their name (‘Zone Of Possible Agreement’) no longer made sense. I stopped lending with them after less than 6 months .. the rates were just not attractive (and unpredictably so). On the plus side, the exit from ZOPA was fairly cheap and painless.

As an alternative to ZOPA I went to look at Ratesetter (RS), which still lets you set the rate(s) you are willing to lend at over 1,3 or 5 years (or monthly). No control over who gets it, but at least some control over what they pay; and (like modern ZOPA) there is a provision fund which should hopefully protect you from bad debts. Exit from RS can be quite expensive though, so best to lend for no longer than you are sure you can do without the money for. Basically they charge you the difference between the rate you would have got for the actual period you lent for, and the rate you got by lending for a longer period. I still like them, for simplicity with just enough control to make it interesting, and I lend / recycle in the 3 and 5 year markets depending on the rates at the time (typically I expect at least an extra 1% for signing up for the extra 2 years). Continue reading →

Transparency in Credit Management; Risk Management at RateSetter

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This is a guest post by Kevin Allen, Head of Insight at RateSetter.

Credit management and consumer trust: the words are inexplicably linked for the majority of financial services providers, particularly those dealing with personal finance. In fact the approximate to translation of the Latin “Creditum” meaning a loan is to the French “crédit” meaning trust. There is little doubt that consumers are increasingly alive to the mechanics of how institutions are looking after their hard-earned money – something that has stemmed from the global financial crisis when banks were guilty of lending household savings to all sorts of risky endeavours, with well documented results.

There is no clearer example of the importance of credit management than within the peer-to-peer lending industry. In the absence of the Financial Services Compensation Scheme, the biggest single risk to lenders is that borrower defaults reach a level so severe that it absorbs not only the interest they might earn but their capital as well. RateSetter were the first peer-to-peer company globally to introduce the concept of a provision fund that provides lenders with an added level of control against loss of even the expected interest amount.

The provision fund has proved very successful, not only in providing lender confidence, but also in terms of its track record. We also aim to gain depth and breadth to our lending portfolio through an evolution of our offering. This will always include our core consumer lending offering for customers to buy cars, make home improvements and consolidate expensive credit card debt, but will include property development and commercial business lending to support the UKs SMEs.

RateSetter aims to continue this growth to provide more confidence to prospective and existing lenders and to ensure we can maintain our “every lender, every penny” through all economic cycles. Although as we always say, we cannot guarantee anything. And our lenders will also be diversified to include individuals, charities, institutions and businesses. The breakdown currently shows us as potentially the only P2P lender in the UK whose recent lending is dominated by individuals;

Ratesetter loanbook

So, although a peer-to-peer lender can rely on us to manage the Provision Fund, this leads us to the natural questions: who exactly am I lending my money to? And, how much are they contributing to the fund? So everything we say and do is built around careful and cautious credit assessment and any potential impact on the provision fund. But, equally important to the mechanics, is the transparency for our users. While banks and building societies still, even today, maintain an impenetrable barrier for users trying to understand what is happening to their money, we have gone to the opposite end of the spectrum, making openness part of our DNA. Continue reading →

How I Selected My Preferred P2P Lending Marketplaces – Part II

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This is part II of a guest post by British investor ‘Pete’. Read part I first.

The number P2P / P2B platforms in the UK has increased quite quickly over the past few years and I have currently settled on 3 further UK platforms that suit my needs and I strongly believe will be with us long term. In saying this I am not in possession of any privileged information and I am not by inference making any adverse comment about other platforms.

In alphabetical order

Ablrate

One of the new platforms (launched July 2014) that I have chosen to invest in and so far I have had a very positive experience. Specialising in secured Aircraft leasing and Plant and Machinery I have had the chance to diversify into a market that I knew little about before I started on my ‘due diligence’. The market may be new to me but there is a wealth of responsive experience behind Ablrate and coupled with a website update and promised increasing flow of loans I anticipate that my exposure with Ablrate will continue to grow. One interesting ‘innovation’ available on certain loans is ‘Instant Returns’. With long draw down times on some loans the potential for ‘dead money’ is large, instant returns circumvents this issue.

Assetz Capital

I have been investing with Assetz Capital since the second quarter of 2013 and have built up a diversified £ five digit portfolio of secured loans which continues to grow1. As with Ablrate there is a good, responsive and experienced team behind the web site, something that has become more than apparent when dealing with the occasional distressed loans that we must all expect when investing. Assetz Capital have big plans for expansion (they have already grown considerably since I started investing) and a relatively recent change to the way loan parts are bought has removed a very large percentage of the ‘dead money’ scenario that many of us early adopters experienced, not universally liked, I for one view it as a very positive move that has helped to push up my return on investment. I look forward to new opportunities this year.

1 I do not invest by choice in the provision fund protected ‘Green Energy Income Account’ preferring to take on the risk in return for a slightly higher returns.

Wellesley & Co

Again I was one of the early adopters and took advantage of some very attractive introductory rates that were offered. The loan and repayment terms suited my needs perfectly for tax planning purposes. Since then the rates have unsurprisingly been lowered and whilst Wellesley & Co have expanded rapidly and their range of investments on offer has expanded I find myself already invested in those areas with other platforms so I am running full term with my current investments whilst keeping an eye open on what is on offer.

Bondora

I also invest in one non UK platform, Bondora. This would probably be regarded as the ‘odd one out’ in my list of platforms. Far more volatile than the other platforms that I invest in Bondora has expanded rapidly since I started investing in the second quarter of 2013. I have experienced several changes to the platform, some which I have liked and several that I have not. I have experienced new markets being opened up and some eye watering rates of default in these new markets. That said and in spite of the treatment of defaults by the UK tax man and the strengthening of the Pound against the Euro (@16% since I started investing) my return after tax has remained positive. I spend more time on this relatively small percentage of my total investments to keep the returns positive than I do on any of the others. Continue reading →

How I Selected My Preferred P2P Lending Marketplaces – Part I

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This is part I of a guest post by British investor ‘Pete’.

Perhaps an introduction is the best way of starting this blog post since it should explain my reasons and approach to Peer to Peer (P2P) and Peer to Business (P2B) lending.

I am a UK based independent professional engineer. An engineer in my discipline requires a love of detail, data and spreadsheets and being independent it is required that I run my own company so I understand basic accounting and number/data manipulation.

So why do I invest in P2P and P2B? In the past I have had Pension funds raided, Investment funds loosing capital due to stock market losses and fees, a mortgage endowment policy returning 1.9% over 25 years when a simple cash investment returned +9%, shares devalued by the UK government who then bought them out at the devalued rate … a long list of ‘professionally’ managed schemes that lost my money. With P2P and P2B I am in control, I either sink or swim based on my decisions.

I started lending at the start of 2012 with Zopa and to a lesser degree with Ratesetter but not before I had read as much as I could find regarding P2P and the various business models. Using on-line resources research into Company and Directors ‘histories’ followed, a process I continue to use before I start investing with a new platform. Risk and Taxation were the next topics I looked into.

Whilst projected default rates were available on  Zopa I took a pessimistic view and anticipated a higher rate of loss when I put together my first spreadsheet to log my transactions and real rate of return (I mainly use Excel with the XIRR function). My aim with Zopa was to diversify as quickly as possible so I quickly put together a large number of small loans whilst ensuring that I didn’t have ‘dead money’ waiting to be lent out. This strategy worked and my losses have so far turned out to be below the Zopa projected level. In recent years Zopa have changed the way monies are lent out and introduced a provision fund to cover bad debts (Ratesetter have always had a fund) and at the same time investors rates dropped (Zopa dictated the rate at which money was lent) so I decided with regret that Zopa was no longer for me and started to withdraw monies as they became available, a process that will continue for some years since I am still happy with the return from my remaining loans.

In the meantime my Ratesetter account quietly built up (the power of compounding interest) and I had started investing in Funding Circle (Sept 2012). I quickly found out that due diligence was required when investing in listed loans (I do not like automatic bidders, I will always manually invest/re-invest) and whilst time consuming it gives some reassurance that you are not investing blind. Whilst the returns I received (and still receive) from Funding Circle are above those I receive from Zopa and Ratesetter I have found the time taken checking companies can be disproportionate to the return if small loans are made. In spite of due diligence the defaults in my experience are higher and coupled with the current UK taxation system for individuals, defaults can hit your rate of return in a disproportionate way.*

It is for these reasons that I have in the last year started withdrawing cash from Funding Circle in the same manner I am taking with Zopa. In the meantime my Ratesetter account continued to build. Continue reading →